The company formation process in the UAE can vary depending on the chosen jurisdiction (mainland or free zone) and the type of business activity. Here’s a general overview:

1. Choose a Business Activity: Determine the type of business activity you intend to engage in. The UAE offers various sectors for business activities, including trading, manufacturing, services, and professional services.

2. Choose a Company Structure: Decide on the appropriate legal structure for your business. Common options include:

   • Limited Liability Company (LLC): This is the most common structure for mainland businesses. It requires at least two and up to 50 shareholders, and allows up to 49% foreign ownership (the remaining 51% must be owned by a UAE national or a company wholly owned by UAE nationals).

   • Free Zone Company: Free zones offer 100% foreign ownership, no currency restrictions, and tax exemptions. Each free zone has its own set of regulations and requirements.

   • Branch Office: Foreign companies can establish a branch or representative office in the UAE, subject to approval from relevant authorities.

3. Choose a Location: If opting for a mainland business, you’ll need to decide on the location within one of the Emirates. For free zone companies, select the appropriate free zone based on your business needs and activities.

4. Reserve a Trade Name: Choose a unique trade name for your company and submit it for approval to the relevant authorities.

5. Obtain Initial Approvals: Depending on the business activity and jurisdiction, you may need to obtain initial approvals from government authorities or free zone authorities.

6. Draft and Sign Memorandum of Association (MOA): Prepare the Memorandum of Association (MOA) for mainland businesses, or the Articles of Association for free zone companies, outlining the company’s activities, share capital, and other key details.

7. Obtain Necessary Licenses: Apply for the required licenses from the relevant authorities. This may include commercial licenses, professional licenses, industrial licenses, etc.

8. Open a Corporate Bank Account: Once the company is registered and licenses are obtained, open a corporate bank account in the UAE to conduct business transactions.

9. Visa Processing: Arrange for employee visas if required for your business operations. This involves obtaining work permits and residence visas for employees and their families.

10. Final Registration and Documentation: Complete the final registration process with the relevant authorities and obtain the necessary permits and certificates to commence business operations legally.